8th-Educational Development in India- Solution

 8th-Educational Development in India- Solution

I. Choose the correct answer.
1. The word ‘Veda’ is derived from …………… .
a) Sanskrit
b) Latin
c) Prakrit
d) Pali
Answer:
a) Sanskrit

2. Which of the following was an important centre for the learning in the ancient period?
a) Gurukula
b) Viharas
c) Pali
d) All of these
Answer:
d) All of these

3. Nalanda, the oldest university in India was located in …………… .
a) Uttar Pradesh
b) Maharashtra
c) Bihar
d) Punjab
Answer:
c) Bihar

4. When did the UNESCO declare Takshashila as world heritage site?
a) 1970
b) 1975
c) 1980
d) 1985
Answer:
c) 1980

5. Which European country were the first to start Modern System of Education in India?
a) British
b) Danish
c) French
d) Portuguese
Answer:
d) Portuguese

6. Which of the following Charter Act made a provision for an annual grant one lakhs Rupees for the promotion of Education in India?
a) Charter Act of 1813
b) Charter Act of 1833
c) Charter Act of 1853
d) Charter Act of 1858
Answer:
a) Charter Act of 1813

7. Which of the following Commission recommended to constitute the University Grants Commission?
a) Sergeant Report, 1944
b) Radhakrishnan Commission, 1948
c) Kothari Commission, 1964
d) National Education Policy, 1968
Answer:
b) Radhakrishnan Commission, 1948

8. In which year the New Education Policy was introduced in India?
a) 1992
b) 2009
c) 1986
d) 1968
Answer:
c) 1986

II. Fill in blanks.
1. The word ‘Veda’ means …………… .
Answer:
Knowledge

2. Taxila ruins were discovered by …………… .
Answer:
Alexander Cunningham

3. …………… was the first ruler to establish a madrasa at Delhi.
Answer:
lltutmish

4. The New Education Policy was revised in …………… .
Answer:
1992

5. …………… is the primary vehicle for implementing the provisions of the Right to Education Act of (RTE) 2009.
Ans: Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)

6. Mid-day meal program was introduced in schools in
Answer:
1956

III. Match the following.

1. I – Tsing	a. Saraswathi mahal
2. Francis Xavier	b. Magna carta of Indian Education
3. Wood’s Despatch	c. Western Education in Madras
4. Sarafoji II	d. University at Kochin
5. Sir Thomas Munro	e. Chinese scholar

Answer:

1. I – Tsing	e. Chinese scholar
2. Francis Xavier	d. University at Kochin
3. Wood’s Despatch	b. Magna carta of Indian Education
4. Sarafoji II	a. Saraswathi mahal
5. Sir Thomas Munro	c. Western Education in Madras

IV. State True or False.
1. The writings of Charaka and Sushrutha were the sources of learning of medicine.
Answer:
True

2. Temples were the centers of learning and played an active role in the promotion of knowledge.
Answer:
True

3. The Jataka tales tell us that the kings and society took an active interest in promoting education.
Answer:
True

4. Women education in India was not prevalent during the medieval period.
Answer:
False

5. The RMS A scheme was implemented during tenth Five Year Plan.
Answer:
False

V. Consider the following statements and tick the appropriate answer.
1. i) The Nalanda University was founded in fifth century C.E
ii) In ancient India teachers had complete autonomy in all aspects from selection of students to designing their syllabi
iii) In ancient times the teacher was called Kanakkayar. iv) The famous college during the Chola period was Kandhalur salai.
a) i and ii are correct
b) ii and iv are correct
c) iii and iv are correct
d) i, ii and iii are correct
Answer:
d) i, ii and iii are correct

2. Find out the Correct Pair
a) Maktabs – Secondary School
b) Macaulay’s Minutes of 1835 – English education
c) Operation Blackboard – Secondary Education Commission
d) Salabogam – Lands were given to temples
Answer:
b) Macaulay’s Minutes of 1835 – English education

VI. Answer the following in one or two sentences.
1. Write about the importance of Gurukulas.
Answer:

1. Teaching was oral and students remembered and meditated upon what was taught in the Gurukulas Guru/Acharya.
2. Many of these Gurukulas were named after the sages. Situated in forests, in service and peaceful surroundings, hundreds of students used to learn together in Gurukulas.
3. This was known as the ‘Gurukula System’ of education.

2. Name the most notable universities that evolved in ancient India?
Answer:
The most notable universities are Taxila and Nalanda.

3. Write a short note on Taxila?
Answer:

1. Taxila was an ancient Indian city, which is now in north-western Pakistan.
2. It is an important archaeological site and the UNESCO declared it as a world heritage site in 1980.
3. Its fame rested on the university where Chanakya is said to have composed his Arthashastra.

4. Mention the education centres flourished in the Cholas period?
Answer:
Rajaraja Chaturvedi Mangalam was the famous seat of a Vedic college Tirubuvanai Vedic college Tiruvidaikkalai Library and Thiruvaduthurai a medical school

5. Expand SSA and RMSA.
Answer:

1. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)
2. Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA)

6. What do you know about RTE.
Answer:
RTE (Right To Education) provides for free and compulsory education to all children from the age of 6 to 14 years.

VII. Answer the following.
1. What were the sources of education in ancient India?
Answer:
Education in Ancient India:

1. The historical Sources provide the information that from very early times, the tradition of teaching and learning had been in vogue in India.
2. The concept of Education might have originated from the Vedas.
3. The literal meaning of the Sanskrit word ‘Veda’ is knowledge and the word derived from the word Vid, which means ‘to know’.

Gurukula system in ancient India:

1. In ancient India, both formal and informal education existed.
2. There were people in homes, villages, and temples who guided young children in imbibing pious ways of life.
3. Teaching was oral and students remembered and meditated upon what was taught in the Gurukulas Guru / Acharya.

2. Write a paragraph about education under British rule?
Answer:
Education in British rule can be divided into four periods:

1. Before 1813: Charter of Act of 1813 grant a sum of 1 lakh rupees for the promotion of Indian education.
2. 1813 to 1853: Macaulay’s minutes of 1835. Higher education was de-orientalized encouraging English education for the upper classes.
3. 1854 to 1920: The Third phase of British influenced education may be called the period of an All India Educational Policy. It commenced with Sir Charles Wood’s Despatch in 1854.
4. 1921 to 1947: The fourth phase may be called the period of provincial autonomy.

3. Describe the National Policy on Education.
Answer:
1. The First National Educational Policy of 1968, marked a significant step in the history of education in post-independent India.

2. It aimed to promote national progress, culture, and to strengthen national integration.

3. In 1986, the Government of India introduced a New Education Policy.

4. The aim of New Education Policy (NEP) was to transfer a static society into a vibrant one with a commitment to development and change. It emphasized equal opportunities for marginalized – sections of the country and the removal of disparity through scholarships, adult education, and open universities, especially for rural India.

5. The New Education Policy called for a child-centered approach in primary education.

6. This policy launched the operation of Blackboard to improve primary schools nationwide.

7. The New Education Policy has revised again in 1992.

8. It envisaged the formulation of the National Curriculum Framework, emphasis on in-service education, improvement of facilities, and streamlining of the evaluation system at the secondary stage.

4. Give a detailed account of education under Cholas. Education under Cholas:
Answer:

• The Chola period was the most brilliant and creative period in Tamil literature.
• Tamil education enjoyed a greater connection with religion and temple.
• Inscription denotes the salary of a teacher, method of teaching, food provided to the students, and land given to the schools.
• Rajaraja Chaturvedi Mangalam was the famous seat of a Vedic college.
• Tiruvaduthurai inscription of Virarajendra refers to a medical school of this period.

VIII. HOTS
1. How does the flagship programme of SSA achieve Universal Elementary Education?
Answer:
The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is the Government of India’s flagship programme that was launched in 2000 – 01 to achieve Universal Elementary Education (UEE). SSA is now the primary vehicle for implementing the provisions of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (2009) (RTE). Right To Education (RTE) provides for free and compulsory education to all children from the age of 6 to 14 years. The SSA initiates a variety of innovations and activities related to schools.

 

Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct answer.
1. The arrival of the English East India company in the year ……………….
a. 1600
b. 1610
c. 1620
d. 1630
Answer:
a) 1600

2 Elphinstone college located in ……………….
a. Delhi
b. Mumbai
c. Goa
d. Kolkatta
Answer:
b) Mumbai

3. Wardha scheme of Education evolved by ……………… in 1937
a. Gandhiji
b. Nehru
c. Ambedkar
d. Dr.Radha Krishnan.
Answer:
a) Gandhiji

4. Dr.Middleton, started a missionary college at ……………….
a. Calcutta
b. Delhi
c. Chennai
d. Mumbai
Answer:
a) Calcutta

5. In schools all subjects were taught in Tamil from ……………….
a. 1937
b. 1938
c. 1939
d. 1940
Answer:
b) 1938

II. Fill in blanks.
1. The system of Students at an advanced stage of learning guided younger studied younger students known as ……………….
Answer:
Peer learning

2. The family of Guru acts as the ……………… or ……………….
Answer:
School, Ashram

3. Nalanda university located in ………………
Answer:
Rajgir

4. The Muslim Primary schools were called as ……………….
Answer:
Maktabs

5. Secondary schools, under Muslim rule were called as ……………….
Answer:
Madrasas

6. Iltutmish was the fist ruler to establish a madrasa at ……………….
Answer:
Delhi

7. Shahjahanabad Madrasa started by ………………
Answer:
Maulana

8. An education commission under the chairmanship of ……………… was appointed by the Government of India.
Answer:
Dr.S. Kothari

9. Francis Xavier, a ……………… started a university at Cochin.
Ans: Jesuit

10. The educational institution in Kanchi called……………….
Answer:
Ghatika

11. The Vedic College of the Chola period located at ……………….
Answer:
Ennayiram

12. …………… was established during the Nayak rule.
Answer:
Thinnappalli koodam

13. ……………. Chola inscription mentions a library.
Answer:
Tiruvidaikkalai

14. Tiruvidaikkalai inscription belongs to ……………… period.
Answer:
Virarajendra Chola

15. ……………… established the primary schools in Madurai during in Veerappa Nayak period.
Answer:
Fernandez

III. Match the following.

1. The wood’s Despatch	a. 1968
2. Education Commission	b.1975
3. First National Education policy	c.1854
4. Gandhi gram,Rural college	d.1956
5. Midday Meal Programme	e.1948

Answer:

1. The wood’s Despatch	a. 1854
2. Education Commission	b.1948
3. First National Education policy	c.1968
4. Gandhi gram Rural college	d.1975
5. Midday Meal Programme	e.1956

IV. State True or False.
1. Equable learning Programme is Samaria Siksha.
Answer:
True

2. Sir. Thomas Munro had a printing press with Devanagari Type
Answer:
False

3. The new Nalanda University is not envisaged as a centre of the inter-civilizational dialogue.
Answer:
False

4. In Gurukula system, the home of Guru used as the school.
Answer:
True

5. The Madras university was founded in 1854.
Answer:
False

V. Consider the following statements and tick the appropriate answer.
1. Choose the correct statement:
1. History of education in British rule can be divided into 4 periods.
a. From the early days of the British rule upto 1813
b. Period from 1813-1853
c. Period from 1854-1920
d. Period from 1921-1947
a. i and iii correct
b. ii and iv correct
c. ii incorrect
d. All are correct
Answer:
d) AH are correct

2. Choose the correct pair:
1. 1834 – Western type education
2. 1855 – Woods Despatch
3. 1856 – Chennai university
4. 1882 – Local Boards Act
Answer:
4.1882 – Wood’s despatch